what do you mean by synchronized block in java?

Problem statement: Can you explain me about synchronized block in java?

Synchronized block: A block which contains synchronized keyword that is called synchronized block.

#Synchronized block:

1. class Institute {
2.     public void classRoom(String facultyName) {
3.         synchronized (Institute.class) {
4.             for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
5.                 System.out.println(i + " .class taken by " + facultyName);
6.             try {
7.                 Thread.sleep(1000);
8.             } catch (InterruptedException e) {
9.                 e.printStackTrace();
10.             }
11.         }
12.     }
13. }
14. class MyThread extends Thread {
15.     Institute inst;
16.     String factName;
17.     @Override
18.     public void run() {
19.         inst.classRoom(factName);
20.     }
21.     MyThread(Institute inst, String name) {
22.         this.inst = inst;
23.         this.factName = name;
24.     }
25. }
26. public class SynchronizedExe {
27.     public static void main(String args[]) {
28.         Institute inst1 = new Institute();
29.         Institute inst2 = new Institute();
30.         MyThread t1 = new MyThread(inst1, "Madhusmita");
31.         MyThread t2 = new MyThread(inst2, "Ishaan");
32.         t1.start();
33.         t2.start();
34.     }
35. }

Output:
0 .class taken by Ishaan
1 .class taken by Ishaan
2 .class taken by Ishaan
3 .class taken by Ishaan
4 .class taken by Ishaan
5 .class taken by Ishaan
6 .class taken by Ishaan
7 .class taken by Ishaan
8 .class taken by Ishaan
9 .class taken by Ishaan
0 .class taken by Madhusmita
1 .class taken by Madhusmita
2 .class taken by Madhusmita
3 .class taken by Madhusmita
4 .class taken by Madhusmita
5 .class taken by Madhusmita
6 .class taken by Madhusmita
7 .class taken by Madhusmita
8 .class taken by Madhusmita
9 .class taken by Madhusmita

#Without synchronized block

1. class Institute {
2.     public void classRoom(String facultyName) {
3.         for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
4.             System.out.println(i + " .class taken by " + facultyName);
5.         try {
6.             Thread.sleep(1000);
7.         } catch (InterruptedException e) {
8.             e.printStackTrace();
9.         }
10.     }
11. }
12. class MyThread extends Thread {
13.     Institute inst;
14.     String factName;
15.     @Override
16.     public void run() {
17.         inst.classRoom(factName);
18.     }
19.     MyThread(Institute inst, String name) {
20.         this.inst = inst;
21.         this.factName = name;
22.     }
23. }
24. public class SynchronizedExe {
25.     public static void main(String args[]) {
26.         Institute inst1 = new Institute();
27.         Institute inst2 = new Institute();
28.         MyThread t1 = new MyThread(inst1, "Madhusmita");
29.         MyThread t2 = new MyThread(inst2, "Ishaan");
30.         t1.start();
31.         t2.start();
32.     }
33. }

Output:
0 .class taken by Madhusmita
1 .class taken by Ishaan
2 .class taken by Madhusmita
3 .class taken by Ishaan
4 .class taken by Madhusmita
5 .class taken by Ishaan
---------------------------------------
#With synchronized method

1. class Institute {
2.     synchronized public void classRoom(String facultyName) {
3.         for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
4.             System.out.println(i + " .class taken by " + facultyName);
5.         try {
6.             Thread.sleep(1000);
7.         } catch (InterruptedException e) {
8.             e.printStackTrace();
9.         }
10.     }
11. }
12. class MyThread extends Thread {
13.     Institute inst;
14.     String factName;
15.     @Override
16.     public void run() {
17.         inst.classRoom(factName);
18.     }
19.     MyThread(Institute inst, String name) {
20.         this.inst = inst;
21.         this.factName = name;
22.     }
23. }
24. public class SynchronizedExe {
25.     public static void main(String args[]) {
26.         Institute inst1 = new Institute();
27.         Institute inst2 = new Institute();
28.         MyThread t1 = new MyThread(inst1, "Madhusmita");
29.         MyThread t2 = new MyThread(inst2, "Ishaan");
30.         t1.start();
31.         t2.start();
32.     }
33. }

Output:
0 .class taken by Madhusmita
0 .class taken by Ishaan
1 .class taken by Madhusmita
1 .class taken by Ishaan
2 .class taken by Madhusmita
2 .class taken by Ishaan